The Philippine Development Plan (PDP), 2011–2016 called for real gross domestic product (GDP) to grow by an average of 7%–8% per year; for investments to reach 22% of GDP by 2016, compared to 19.7% during 2011–2013; and for extreme poverty to decline to 17% by 2016 from 33% in 1991. However, years of underinvestment in infrastructure had put the Philippines at a competitive disadvantage compar
West Bengal is the 13th largest and 4th most populous state of India. It recorded an average fiscal deficit of 4.3% of gross state domestic product (GSDP) from 2007 to 2012—double the state average of 2.1% in India during the same period. The fiscal stress was driven by the state’s low own-tax revenue (OTR) effort and high nondiscretionary expenditure on salaries, interest, and pensions.
At program appraisal, the reliability of Bangladesh’s electricity supply was low and had become a major deterrent to economic development. By 2011, with more than half of Bangladesh’s population without access to electricity, improvements to electricity generation, transmission, and distribution systems were urgently required.
By project appraisal in 2011, Vanuatu’s capital city, Port Vila, had expanded beyond its originally defined urban boundaries because of rural–urban migration and proliferating informal settlements.
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