Many cities and industrial centers in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) are on or near major rivers, which puts a high proportion of the country's economic activity at risk from periodic floods. Major flooding and the poor drainage that contributes to it constitute the most common and severe form of natural hazard in the PRC.
At around project appraisal in 2006, Bangladesh had a total of about 140 million people, a quarter of whom lived in urban areas. While overall population was growing at 1.4% per year, urban population increased at 2.5% or nearly twice the national rate. Uncontrolled urbanization and rural-to-urban migration was creating heavy and largely unabated demands on the country’s urban infrastructure.
The urban water supply and sewerage systems in Fiji’s capital of Suva had been reported as well developed in the 1970s and 1980s. However, system expansion had not kept pace with increasing demand, and system sustainability declined due to inadequate maintenance. Non-revenue water (NRW) increased from around 30% in the early 1990s to almost 60% by 2002.
The Eastern and North Central Provinces of Sri Lanka were adversely affected by the prolonged internal armed conflict in the country, which ceased in May 2009.
In 1998, the government of India launched the National Highways Development Project (NHDP) to upgrade key arteries of the national highways network and relieve the system’s chronic capacity constraints that had long been adversely affecting the economy.
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