In October 2008, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved the government of Cambodia’s request for assistance in responding to the crisis in food prices, deemed to escalate with the looming decline in food production due to the increasing prices of fertilizers and gasoline that could drive transport, irrigation, and other agricultural production costs higher.
After several years of civil war, Cambodia’s road network had severely deteriorated by the early 1990s. Government rehabilitation works, which started in 1992.
In 2006, only about 46% of Viet Nam’s rural population had access to clean water, and water was not available throughout the year. About 83% had latrines, but only 48% of these were hygienic, by government standards. Knowledge of individual sanitation remained poor.
During project appraisal in 2008, only 33% Nepal’s households were being served with grid electricity, and the country could not generate adequate power to totally meet demand. Nepal’s hydropower generation potential alone is estimated at 43,000 megawatt (MW) but the total installed generation capacity was only 615 MW in 2008.
Accounting for 30% of Viet Nam’s natural forest area in 2005, the Central Highlands Region is a biodiversity hotspot and the watershed of several important rivers. However, it was also the country’s second poorest region at the time, with poverty levels as high as 57% among the ethnic minority groups that made up 23% of its population.
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