A 2007 study by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) identified the lack of macroeconomic stability, high costs of doing business, inadequate infrastructure, and weak investor confidence as the key binding constraints to sustained growth and poverty reduction in the Philippines.
Tuvalu, a fragile microstate and the smallest member of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), has a small and narrowly based economy that is highly dependent on external sources of income and imports.
Just 2−4 years after it was severely hit by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, the Indonesian economy began to steadily recover. Real gross domestic product growth rose from 0.8% in 1998 to 2%–3% during 2000–2002 and reached 5.5% in 2006. Wide−ranging finance sector reforms accounted for much of this recovery.
A healthy level of private investment is essential for Viet Nam to achieve the 7%–8% annual economic growth rate and the 8 million new jobs it has targeted under the Socio-Economic Development Strategy, 2011–2020. Increasingly, such contribution is expected to come from the domestic private sector, largely composed of small and medium−sized enterprises (SMEs).
Kiribati is challenged by geographic isolation, limited human and financial resources, and a narrow economic base. It is extremely vulnerable to economic and natural disaster shocks due to its high exposure to climate change, severe import dependency, and heavy reliance on income from external sources.
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