By 2012, Bangladesh had made significant progress in access to primary as well as secondary education. However, the challenges of low completion rates, poor education quality, and inclusive access to secondary education had persisted.
Dhaka and Chattogram (formerly Chittagong) are the two major metropolitan areas of Bangladesh. The Dhaka–Chattogram corridor is central to the country’s economy as it generates almost 50% of the national gross domestic product and handles about 80% of international maritime trade. The 250-kilometer (km), two-lane National Highway N1 is the only major road that connects Dhaka to Chattogram.
Despite improvements in rural infrastructure, the share of Bangladesh’s rural population with access to all-weather roads and paved rural roads was lower than that of other South Asian countries at project appraisal. Compared with 60% in India and 61% in Pakistan, only 37% of the country’s rural population had access to all-weather roads.
During project preparation, Bangladesh was one of the few countries that achieved gender parity up to secondary level. Net enrollment rates improved from 87.2% in 2005 to 93.9% in 2009. However, despite significant progress, primary education remained inadequate to ensure quality primary education for all children on a sustainable basis.
The transport sector was the largest recipient of the Bangladesh government’s investments over the past two decades. It accounted for about 20% of the total annual expenditures from 1999 to 2017.
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